• 突破!强对流天气过程可提前4小时预报

    作者:小麦爱体育 来源:辽源 浏览: 【】 发布时间:2026-04-18评论数:
    \u003cdiv class=\"rich_media_content\"\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_ERROR_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  新华社北京1月5日电(记者刘诗平)精准预报强对流天气是国际气象领域的一道难题。我国近日在智能天气预报技术方面取得突破,将强对流天气临近预报有效时长延长至4小时。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e  记者5日从中国气象局了解到,国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心)研究员王劲松联合高校和相关研究所科研人员,研发基于风云气象卫星数据的深度扩散模型,成功将强对流天气临近预报有效时长延长至4小时。相关成果发表于国际学术期刊《美国国家科学院院刊》。\u003c!--NO_AD_0--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_0--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_0--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  “\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_BEGIN_0--\u003e强对流天气\u003c!--SECURE_LINK_END_0--\u003e具有突发性强、演变迅速、破坏力大等特点,其临近预报的核心挑战,在于捕捉中小尺度系统的快速非线性演变。”王劲松说,研究团队利用风云四号系列卫星大范围、无缝隙的监测优势,获取长时效数据,并从海量卫星数据中提取并预测对流云团的复杂随机运动。\u003c!--NO_AD_1--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_1--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_1--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  为提升预报精度,研究团队引入近年来在图像生成领域表现卓越的扩散模型,提出了面向卫星数据的深度扩散模型。\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e  这一模型将对流云演变过程中呈现的随机运动趋势建模为一种物理扩散过程,利用风云四号A星过去2小时的红外亮温序列,预判未来4小时对流云的时空演变。在此基础上,结合深度语义分割模型,对预测得到的卫星序列开展对流云的自动识别与空间定位,精准刻画对流云的生成与发展过程。\u003c!--AI_AD_1000--\u003e\u003c!--NO_AD_2--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_2--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_2--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  据介绍,基于风云四号卫星数据,深度扩散模型实现了对我国及周边区域约2000万平方千米区域、未来4小时内每15分钟一次的高分辨率对流预报,在不同空间尺度(4000米至48000米)和不同季节均表现出稳定的预报能力,不仅在短时预报中表现优异,在2小时至4小时的较长时效预报中仍然保持较高的可信度。\u003c!--NO_AD_3--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_3--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_3--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  “随着技术的持续迭代与业务体系的逐步完善,研究将为暴雨、雷暴、短时大风等强对流天气的防灾减灾提供更提前、更精准、更可靠的技术支撑,切实提升全社会应对极端天气的能力。”王劲松说。\u003c!--NO_AD_4--\u003e\u003c!--EOP_4--\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c!--PARAGRAPH_4--\u003e\u003cp\u003e  2025年12月27日,我国成功发射风云四号C星。风云四号C星凭借更高时空分辨率,以及更强的环境温湿廓线探测和闪电探测能力,有望进一步提升强对流短临预报的精度。(完)\u003c/p\u003e\u003cstyle\u003e.rich_media_content{--news-tabel-th-night-color: #444444;--news-font-day-color: #333;--news-font-night-color: #d9d9d9;--news-bottom-distance: 22px}.rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-day-color);font-size:18px}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]):not(.qn-editor-copy){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:.5px;line-height:30px;margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance);word-wrap:break-word}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content .qn-editor-copy p:not([data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]){letter-spacing:unset;line-height:unset;margin-bottom:unset;word-wrap:unset}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{color:var(--news-font-night-color)}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content{font-size:18px}.rich_media_content p[data-exeditor-arbitrary-box=image-box]{margin-bottom:11px}.rich_media_content\u003ediv:not(.qnt-video),.rich_media_content\u003esection{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content hr{margin-bottom:var(--news-bottom-distance)}.rich_media_content .link_list{margin:0;margin-top:20px;min-height:0!important}.rich_media_content blockquote{background:#f9f9f9;border-left:6px solid #ccc;margin:1.5em 10px;padding:.5em 10px}.rich_media_content blockquote p{margin-bottom:0!important}.data_color_scheme_dark .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]):not([dark-mode-disable=true]) .rich_media_content blockquote{background:#323232}}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]{--ol-start: 1;--ol-list-style-type: decimal;list-style-type:none;counter-reset:olCounter calc(var(--ol-start,1) - 1);position:relative}.rich_media_content ol[data-ex-list]\u003eli\u003e:first-child::before{content:counter(olCounter,var(--ol-list-style-type)) '. 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